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Indications

Prochlorperazine Maleate is recommended-

• To alleviate severe nausea and vomiting induced by radiation therapy, chemotherapy for cancer, surgery, and other diseases.
• Relieves nausea, vomiting, and dizziness or spinning feelings (vertigo) caused by Meniere's disease and other inner ear diseases.
• To treat psychotic illnesses such as schizophrenia (hallucinations and hostility).
• Mania acute.
• For the short-term treatment of non-psychotic generalized anxiety.

Pharmacology

Dopamine and histamine antagonist prochlorperazine The blockage of histamine H and dopamine D2 neurotransmitter receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone and vomiting center is the mechanism of antiemetic action. It also has a little anticholinergic action and helps to prevent acid reflux by raising the tone of the lower esophageal sphincter.

Dosage & Administration

Antiemetic-

Children (not recommended in children <10 kg or <2 years):

• 10-14 kg: 2.5 mg every 12-24 hours as needed;maximum: 7.5 mg/day
• 15-18 kg: 2.5 mg every 8-12 hours as needed;maximum:10 mg/day
• 19-39 kg: 2.5 mg every 8 hours or 5 mg every 12 hours as needed; maximum: 15 mg/day.

Adults: 5-10 mg 3-4 times/day;usual maximum:40 mg/day

Antipsychotic-

Children (not recommended in children <10 kg or <2 years):

• 2-12 years: 2.5 mg 2-3 times/day
• Increase dosage as needed to a maximum daily dose of 20 mg for 2-5 years and 25 mg for 6-12 years

Adults: 5-10 mg 3-4 times/day; doses up to 150 mg/day may be required in some patients for treatment of severe disturbances

Nonpsychotic anxiety-

• Adults: Usual dose: 15-20 mg/day in divided doses; do not give doses >20 mg/day or for longer than 12 weeks
• Elderly: Initial: 2.5-5 mg 1-2 times/day; increase dose at 4 to 7 day intervals by 2.5-5 mg/day; increase dosing intervals (twice daily, thrice daily, etc) as necessary to control response or side effects; maximum daily dose should probably not exceed 75 mg in elderly; gradual increases (titration) may prevent some side effects or decrease their severity.

Prochlorperazine may be administered without regard to the meal.

Interaction

Alcohol, barbiturates, and other sedatives may have a greater CNS depressing effect. Some medications, such as antacids, anti-medications, parkinson's and lithium, may interfere with Prochlorperazine absorption. This medication may interact with Propanolol and Phenobarbital plasma concentrations.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to prochlorperazine or any component of the formulation, severe CNS depression; coma; not to be used in children under the age of 2 years or weighing less than 10 kg.

Side Effects

Drowsiness; tremors; shuffling walk; skin rash; yellowing of the skin or eyes; fine worm-like tongue motions; rhythmic face, mouth, or jaw movements; sluggish or difficult speaking; trouble swallowing; restlessness and pacing; tremors; shuffling walk; skin rash; yellowing of the skin or eyes

Pregnancy & Lactation

There has been no proof of this drug's harmful effects during pregnancy or breastfeeding.

Precautions & Warnings

When conducting jobs that need attention, like as driving or operating machinery, extreme caution should be exercised. Alcohol consumption might result in severe sleepiness. This medicine may make you more sensitive to sunlight. Long periods of sun exposure should be avoided, and sunscreen and protective clothes should be used whenever someone is exposed to the sun. This drug might cause perspiration to decrease, making you more prone to heatstroke.

Therapeutic Class

Anti-emetic and anti-vertigo medications

Storage Conditions

Store at temperatures below 30°C. Keep out of direct sunlight and dampness. Keep out of children's reach.