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Indications

Tiotropium is used to treat bronchospasm caused by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), such as chronic bronchitis and emphysema, over a lengthy period of time.

Pharmacology

Tedizolid has antibacterial activity via inhibiting protein synthesis by attaching to the 50S ribosomal subunit of sensitive Gram-positive bacteria after being converted to its active form by phosphatases. Because it inhibits bacterial protein synthesis through a separate method, cross-resistance between non-oxazolidinone antibacterial medicines is improbable.

Dosage & Administration

Adult over 18 years: The recommended dose of Tiotropium Dry Powder Inhaler capsule is 18 mcg (1 capsule) once-daily, with the device.

The contents of the Tiotropium Dry Powder Inhaler capsules are only for oral inhalation and should only be used with the device.

No dosage adjustment is required for geriatric, hepatically-impaired, or renally-impaired patients. However, patients with moderate to severe renal impairment given Tiotropium capsule should be monitored closely for anticholinergic effects.

Interaction

Tiotroplum (14.4 mcg intravenous infusion over 15 minutes) and cimetidine 400 mg three times daily or ranitidine 300 mg once day were tested in an interaction study. When cimetidine and Tiotroplum were given together, the AUC 0-4 hour increased by 20%, the renal clearance of Tiotroplum decreased by 28%, and the Cmax and amount excreted in urine did not vary significantly over 96 hours. The pharmacokinetics of Tiotroplum were unaffected by co-administration with ranitidine.

Contraindications

Patients having a history of hypersensitivity to atropine or its derivatives, including ipratropium, or any component of this medication should not take tiotropium.

Side Effects

Dry mouth was the most commonly reported adverse medication response. Dry mouth was usually modest and went away after a few weeks of medication. Constipation, elevated heart rate, impaired vision, glaucoma, urinary difficulties, and urine retention were among the other side effects described in individual patients, all of which were consistent with probable anticholinergic effects.

Pregnancy & Lactation

Pregnancy Classification C. There are no sufficient and well-controlled research on Tiotropium in pregnant women. Only if the possible benefit outweighs the risk to the fetus should it be taken during pregnancy. During labor and delivery, the safety and effectiveness of Tiotropium have not been evaluated.

Precautions & Warnings

Pregnancy Classification C. There are no sufficient and well-controlled research on Tiotropium in pregnant women. Only if the possible benefit outweighs the risk to the fetus should it be taken during pregnancy. During labor and delivery, the safety and effectiveness of Tiotropium have not been evaluated.

Storage Conditions

Capsules of Tiotropium Dry Powder Inhaler must not be consumed. Avoid storing in direct sunlight or in a hot environment. Keep it below 30°C. Keep your distance from youngsters